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1.
Rev. Paul. Pediatr. (Ed. Port., Online) ; 42: e2023027, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521594

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify how patient-centered care has been addressed in tuberculosis studies with adolescents. Data source: We searched for articles published in Portuguese, Spanish and English in the Virtual Health Library (LILACS), PubMed (MedLine), and Scopus (Elsevier) databases, from 2000 to 2020, using descriptors (DeCS, MeSH) in Portuguese and English. Data synthesis: 1,322 studies were identified, of which 18 were selected. The main themes found were related to adherence to tuberculosis treatment, knowledge, attitudes and practices, health education, and public policies. Conclusions: We observed that both the number of researchers dedicated to the topic and the presence of a truly person-centered view are still scarce elements in tuberculosis among adolescents research.


RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar, por meio de uma revisão integrativa, como o cuidado centrado no paciente tem sido abordado nos estudos de tuberculose com adolescentes. Fontes de dados: Buscamos artigos publicados em português, espanhol e inglês nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BVS (LILACS), PubMed (MedLine) e Scopus (Elsevier), de 2000 a 2020, utilizando descritores (DeCS, MeSH) em português e inglês. Síntese dos dados: Foram identificados 1.322 estudos, dos quais 18 foram selecionados. Os principais temas encontrados foram relacionados à adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose, conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas, educação em saúde e políticas públicas. Conclusões: Observamos que tanto o número de pesquisadores dedicados ao tema quanto a presença de uma visão verdadeiramente centrada na pessoa ainda são elementos escassos na pesquisa da tuberculose entre adolescentes.

3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 53: e20200199, 2020.
Article in English | SES-SP, ColecionaSUS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1136861

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: In March 2020, the rapid increase in COVID-19 cases overburdened the Italian health system, with the country becoming the pandemic's epicenter. METHODS: We present a narrative review based on manuscripts, official documents, and newspaper articles regarding COVID-19 in Italy. RESULTS: Characteristics of the epidemic, possible causes for its worsening, and the measures adopted across Italian regions are presented. CONCLUSIONS: In the early stages of an epidemic, effective decision-making is essential to contain the number of cases. Medical support for patients and social isolation measures are the most appropriate strategies currently available to reduce the spread and lethality of COVID-19.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Quarantine/methods , Pandemics/prevention & control , Betacoronavirus , Health Planning , Pneumonia, Viral/mortality , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control , Coronavirus Infections , Coronavirus Infections/mortality , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Italy/epidemiology
6.
J. bras. pneumol ; 44(2): 134-144, Mar.-Apr. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893909

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Tuberculosis continues to be a public health priority in many countries. In 2015, tuberculosis killed 1.4 million people, including 210,000 children. Despite the recent progress made in the control of tuberculosis in Brazil, it is still one of the countries with the highest tuberculosis burdens. In 2015, there were 69,000 reported cases of tuberculosis in Brazil and tuberculosis was the cause of 4,500 deaths in the country. In 2014, the World Health Organization approved the End TB Strategy, which set a target date of 2035 for meeting its goals of reducing the tuberculosis incidence by 90% and reducing the number of tuberculosis deaths by 95%. However, to achieve those goals in Brazil, there is a need for collaboration among the various sectors involved in tuberculosis control and for the prioritization of activities, including control measures targeting the most vulnerable populations. Children are highly vulnerable to tuberculosis, and there are particularities specific to pediatric patients regarding tuberculosis development (rapid progression from infection to active disease), prevention (low effectiveness of vaccination against the pulmonary forms and limited availability of preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection), diagnosis (a low rate of bacteriologically confirmed diagnosis), and treatment (poor availability of child-friendly anti-tuberculosis drugs). In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and prevention of tuberculosis in childhood and adolescence, highlighting the peculiarities of active and latent tuberculosis in those age groups, in order to prompt reflection on new approaches to the management of pediatric tuberculosis within the framework of the End TB Strategy.


RESUMO A tuberculose continua sendo uma prioridade de saúde pública em muitos países. Em 2015, a tuberculose matou 1,4 milhão de pessoas, incluindo 210.000 crianças. Apesar dos recentes progressos no controle da tuberculose no nosso país, o Brasil ainda é um dos países com maior carga de tuberculose. Em 2015, houve 69.000 casos de tuberculose notificados no Brasil e a tuberculose foi a causa de 4.500 mortes no país. Em 2014, a Organização Mundial da Saúde aprovou a Estratégia End TB, que estabeleceu 2035 como data-alvo para atingir suas metas de redução da incidência de tuberculose em 90% e do número de mortes por tuberculose em 95%. No entanto, para alcançar essas metas no Brasil, há a necessidade de colaboração entre os diversos setores envolvidos no controle da tuberculose e de priorização de atividades, incluindo medidas de controle voltadas às populações mais vulneráveis. As crianças são altamente vulneráveis à tuberculose, e há particularidades específicas dos pacientes pediátricos quanto ao desenvolvimento da tuberculose (rápida progressão da infecção para a doença ativa), prevenção (baixa eficácia da vacinação contra as formas pulmonares e disponibilidade limitada de tratamento preventivo da infecção tuberculosa latente), diagnóstico (baixa taxa de diagnóstico confirmado bacteriologicamente); e tratamento (pouca disponibilidade de fármacos antituberculose próprios para crianças). Nesta revisão, discutimos a epidemiologia, as manifestações clínicas e a prevenção da tuberculose na infância e adolescência, destacando as peculiaridades da tuberculose ativa e latente nessas faixas etárias, a fim de promover a reflexão sobre novas abordagens para o manejo da tuberculose pediátrica no àmbito da Estratégia End TB.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Tuberculosis/prevention & control , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , World Health Organization , Brazil/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Disease Progression , Disease Eradication
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